Cervical osteochondrosis

Cervical osteohondrose is a chronic dystrophic disease in which the disks of thinner are between the vertebrae, followed by their bone tissue.As the degenerative process is progressing, the surrounding structures are included.This becomes the reason for the development of the entire complex of symptoms that fully obey the patient's life.

General information

Intervertebral discs consist of gel-jet cores and a dense fibrous ring that is surrounded, covered with a layer of cartilage at the top.They perform a shock -aAbzorbing function, preventing damage to vertebrate during startup, walking and jumping, and also contribute to the power and flexibility of the entire pillar of spine.

In the process of natural aging, as well as in the conditions of increased load, there is a gradual reduction in the height of the intervertebral disk.The metabolism in its core is disturbed, cracks appear in the fibrous ring environment.Rings of the discs - protrusion and hernia appear.As the disease is advancing, the imperial tissues and bones are included, osteofiti - bone growth that cause mobility to limit and the syndrome.

Since pathological changes take place in the immediate vicinity of the spinal cord and its roots, it leads to their compression and inflammation, as well as the reflex developing muscle clinch.As a result, a person experiences the characteristic symptoms that the disease can suspect.

Reasons

Osteochondrosis of cervical spine relates to multifacritorial diseases.This arises on the background of the entire complex of factors, each of which exacerbates the flow of pathology.A list of reasons includes:

• excess body weight;
• Sedentary lifestyle;
• Sedentary work;
• improper posture;
• Chronic diseases of the musculoskelo system (scoliosis, straight legs) that contribute to uneven distribution of cargo on spine;
• Congenital pathology of the development of a spinal column, as well as injuries;
• Excessive, repeated loads on spine;
• Hereditary predisposition.

Symptoms and syndromes

Symptoms of cervical osteochondrosis do not appear immediately and are often disguised as other diseases.

The most common signs include:

• Dizziness: As a rule, with osteochondrose, it is systemic, I.E.The person who turns around appears to turn before the eyes;
• Pain in tire, neck, collar zone: Its intensity depends on the degree of disease development;Light and episodic at an early stage, spreading on the entire head and acquires a constant character;Periodic attacks become unbearable, as a result that a person can't even move his head;
• Noise or ringing in ears: occur when the position changes after a longer period of real estate, often followed by a dizziness;
• a sense of lack of air, inability to deep breath;In severe cases, serious shortness of breath develops;
• Nausea and vomiting: They are connected to circulatory disorders in certain brain zones, intensify when they try to turn their head;
• Simension reduction, flickering flies or fog in front of the eye: indicate insufficient blood blood supply;occur with advanced stages of the disease;
• Fluctuations in blood pressure, poorly submission of drug correction;
• sudden unconsciousness caused by blood vessels in the blood vessels;
• The feeling of lump in the throat, pain, dryness, swallowing problems: are often one of the first signs of pathology;
• Shoulder pain;
• Stiffness of your fingers.

In addition to the general signs of cervical osteochondorosis, several syndromes are distinctly characteristic of this disease.

Vertebral syndrome

The symptom complex is connected to bone damage and the cartilage of the spinal column.It includes:

• Breach of mobility in the region of the Grlić Matica;
• pain in turning head;
• X -Ray signs of damage to vertebrae and space between them.

Vail Artery syndrome

Symptoms are caused by narrowing or cramping of spine arteries that are partially responsible for the blood supply to the brain.It manifests in the following signs:

• noise in ears;
• dizziness;
• jumps into blood pressure;
• Nausea and vomiting;
• Headaches;
• visual impairment;
• Performance reduction;
• drowsiness;
• Fainting.

Cardian syndrome

Reminds of a state of heart muscle damage and includes:

• pain or burning sensations behind the sternum;
• weakness and fatigue;
• Rapid pulse.

Rook syndrome

The condition is associated with damage (compression or gun) of the nerve roots that appear from the vertebral column in the region of the Grlić Matica.Depending on the level of defeat, a person can feel:

• stiffness or pain in the back of the head;
• Language stiffness;
• Pain in necklace, difficulty swallowing, hiccups;
• Discomfort in the shoulder area intensifies with the movements of the hands;
• pain in the area of knives and forearms;
• Stiffness of index and middle fingers;
• Stiffness of the ring and a little finger.

Most often, several nerve roots are involved in the pathological process at once, as a result of which several characteristic symptoms are respected at once.

Phase

In the development process, cervical osteochondrose passes four consecutive phases (degrees), which determine the severity of symptoms and the general condition of the patient.

• 1. Phase.The thickness of intervertebral discs is slightly reduced.Symptoms are practically absent, sometimes there is a light discomfort in the neck, for example, with a long stay in an unpleasant position.
• 2. Phase.The disk height becomes even smaller, the pathological growth of cartilage tissue begins, the protrusion (protrusion) occurs.The pain becomes stronger, numbness in the cervical region is joined.
• Phase 3. The title of the ring that surrounds the kernel of the disk is torn, an intervertebral hernia was formed.The spinal column is noticeably deformed, the risk of dislocations and subcluding vertebral increases.The pain becomes permanent in nature, other otterochondrose symptoms joins that.
• Fourth phase.In the spinal column, Irreafter appeared: bone growth appears, the interverter disc replaces scar tissue and loses load depreciation ability.Symptoms are pronounced and have a significant impact on the patient's lifestyle and his well-being.The quality of life has been reduced.

Diagnostics

Looking for the causes of pain or dizziness, the patient can contact doctors of various specialties: therapist, cardiologist, gastroenterologist, neurologist.To diagnose osteochondrose, a comprehensive examination is required, which includes:

• X -Ray and computer tomography are effective only in the late stages of disease development, when changes become clearly visible;
• Magnetic resonance tomography: Due to the high degree of visualization, it even allows you to see the initial changes;This is currently the main method of diagnosis;
• Duplex scan of head and neck arteries: allows you to estimate the quality of blood flow, identify the narrowing of the vessel;Used to determine the cause of headache and dizziness.

Mandatory research and testing of the patient is assessed the determination of the zone of pain and degree of the mobility of the spinal column, the quality of the reflex is carried out.For differential diagnosis with other diseases with similar symptoms, it can be prescribed:

• ECG, ultrasound of hearts;
• Daily monitoring of ECG and blood pressure;
• X -raj chest organs;
• Consultations with narrow experts: cardiologist, Laura.

Treatment

The treatment of cervical osteochondorosis requires an integrated approach and includes:

• Medical effects;
• Physiotherapy;
• Physical education of physiotherapy;
• massage;
• Surgical treatment.

Medicine treatment

The main goal of drug treatment: To relieve pain and dizziness, restore the normal functioning of nerves, and also, if possible, stop or slow the crisp tissue destruction.Depending on the situation, they are prescribed:

• Non-ecoid anti -infalmic drugs: focused on pain and inflammation;They are used in the form of tablets, injections, fats, mortar;
• Steroid medications: They are also used to mitigate inflammation with the inefficity of NSAID;
• Musorelaxans: medications that eliminate the reflex muscle cramps that make pain fall and blood load improves;
• B Vitamins in the form of injection or neither a tablet: contribute to improving nerve impulses;
• Sedatives with severe pain syndrome to improve sleep and reduce the emotional component of pain;
• Anti-registration agents when they stabbed nerve roots;
• Chondroprotectors: medications that contribute to the renovation of the cartilage tissue.

Depending on the symptoms, medications can also be prescribed to improve microcirculation in brain container, medications that block nausea and dizziness, etc.

Treatment of the heartless

The methods of treatment that are not an Idrug are used beyond deterioration.Depending on the clinical situation, they are used:

• Physiotherapy:
  • Laser therapy;
  • Magnetotherapy;
  • UHF therapy;
  • phonophore and electrophoresis;
• massage;
• Physical education of physiotherapy;
• acupuncture;
• Hand therapy;
• Underwater towing.

The treatment that does not help reduce the severity of symptoms and reduces the frequency and deterioration.It works indirectly:

• Improves blood supply to the affected area, metabolism and regeneration process;
• improves drug effect;
• Promotes to strengthen the muscle framework and stabilize the spinal column;
• reduces the load on vertebrates;
• Eliminates muscle cramps and blocks.

Surgical treatment

Hirurg help is necessary in advanced cases of diseases, when drug methods are already inefficient.Several operations are currently used:

• Surgical removal of diskener hernia (microdiscectomy, endoscopic or transfassetic surgery);
• LAMINEKTOMY: Removal of splins processes or spine arches, which is reduced by the load of spinal cord spine;
• Nucleoplasty: Elimination of Hernia by removing the part of the core of the intervertebral disk.

It is important to remember that only a doctor can decide how to treat osteochondrose of cervix.The scheme is compiled individually, taking into account the phase of diseases, accompanying pathology and individual characteristics of the patient's body.

Complications

Osteochondrosis causes violation of the most important structures: blood vessels and nerves.Without treatment, the disease can lead to the following complications:

• Ischemic gait;
• Loss of sensitivity or hand motor function;
• swallowing difficulties;
• Brushing brown;
• Loss or significant reduction of vision sharpness.

In addition, the defeat of intervertebral discs and joints leads to a significant limit for the mobility of the door.

Prevention

If you pay attention to the prevention of cervical osteochondrosis, even with existing changes, their progress will slow down significantly.Doctors recommend:

• Lead the active lifestyle, prevent hypodynamy;
• minimize or exclude severity;
• sleep on an orthopedic mattress and a pillow;
• Warm up regularly if necessary for a long-term work on your computer.

The perfect sport for osteochondrose is swimming.Water of the unloading of the spinal column, and active movements contribute to the formation of a muscle framework.